Tutkimuksessa rotille aiheutettiin ensin metabolinen oireyhtymä 20 viikon runsasglukoosisella ruokavaliolla. Sen jälkeen rotat jaettiin kahteen ryhmään. Tutkimusryhmä siirtyi 20 viikoksi hiilihydraatittomalle ruokavaliolle verrokkiryhmän jatkaessa toiset 20 viikkoa runsasglukoosisella ruokavaliolla.
Hiilihydraatiton ruokavalio korjasi useimmat metabolisen oireyhtymän aiheuttamat muutokset biokemiallisissa ja morfologisissa parametreissa. Poikkeuksina vain verensokeri- ja urea-arvot. Näiden poikkeuksien pääteltiin johtuneen tutkimuksen hiilihydraatittoman ruokavalion suuren proteiinipitoisuuden (47 prosenttia energiasta) stimuloimasta glukoneogeneesista. Verensokeriarvot kuitenkin kohenivat hieman, vaikka eivät palanneetkaan tasolle, jolla ne olivat ennen metabolista oireyhtymää.
Benefits of Chronic Administration of a Carbohydrate-Free Diet on Biochemical and Morphometric Parameters in a Rat Model of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolites 2023, 13(10), 1085;
https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13101085Received: 22 September 2023 / Revised: 13 October 2023 / Accepted: 14 October 2023 / Published: 17 October 2023
(This article belongs to the Topic Metabolic Syndrome, Biomarkers and Lifestyles)
Abstract
Carbohydrate intake restriction positively affects markers related to metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the effects of long-term carbohydrate-free diets (CFD) have yet to be studied. The main objective of this study was to report the effects on biochemical and morphometric parameters in a rat model of MS. Male Wistar rats were initially divided into two groups: the standard diet group (SD, n = 20); and the MS group (n = 30) fed a high-glucose diet. Ten animals from each group were sacrificed after 20 weeks on their respective diets to verify MS development. The remaining MS animals were divided into two subgroups: one continued with the MS diet (n = 10); and the other transitioned to a carbohydrate-free diet (MS + CFD group, n = 10) for 20 more weeks. At week 40, parameters, including glucose, insulin, lipid profile, ketone bodies, C-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, creatinine, liver and muscle glycogen, and serum, hepatic, renal, and pancreatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed. Transitioning to CFD resulted in decreased caloric intake and body weight, with normalized parameters including MDA, insulin, lipid profile, ALT, liver glycogen, creatinine, and CRP levels. This shift effectively reversed the MS-induced alterations, except for glycemia and uremia, likely influenced by the diet’s high protein content stimulating gluconeogenesis. This research underscores the potential benefits of long-term carbohydrate restriction in mitigating MS-related markers.
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