karppaus.infon arkistoitu foorumi

Psychiatry Research
Volume 335, May 2024, 115866

Ketogenic Diet Intervention on Metabolic and Psychiatric Health in Bipolar and Schizophrenia: A Pilot Trial

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115866

Highlights
•Ketogenic diet therapy resulted in metabolic syndrome reversal in this cohort of serious mental illness.

•Participants with schizophrenia showed an average of 32 % improvement according to the brief psychiatric rating scale.

•The percentage of participants with bipolar who showed >1 point improvement in clinical global impression was 69 %.

•Greater biomarker benefits observed with ketogenic dietary adherence.

•Pilot trial suggests dual metabolic–psychiatric benefits from ketogenic therapy.


Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD, also known as metabolic therapy) has been successful in the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and epilepsy. More recently, this treatment has shown promise in the treatment of psychiatric illness. We conducted a 4–month pilot study to investigate the effects of a KD on individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder with existing metabolic abnormalities. Twenty–three participants were enrolled in a single–arm trial. Results showcased improvements in metabolic health, with no participants meeting metabolic syndrome criteria by study conclusion. Adherent individuals experienced significant reduction in weight (12 %), BMI (12 %), waist circumference (13 %), and visceral adipose tissue (36 %). Observed biomarker enhancements in this population include a 27 % decrease in HOMA–IR, and a 25 % drop in triglyceride levels. In psychiatric measurements, participants with schizophrenia showed a 32 % reduction in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores. Overall Clinical Global Impression (CGI) severity improved by an average of 31 %, and the proportion of participants that started with elevated symptomatology improved at least 1–point on CGI (79 %). Psychiatric outcomes across the cohort encompassed increased life satisfaction (17 %) and enhanced sleep quality (19 %). This pilot trial underscores the potential advantages of adjunctive ketogenic dietary treatment in individuals grappling with serious mental illness.