Lihassa ei ole antiravintoaineita. Kasveissa on:
Common anti-nutrients and their actions:
1) Phytic Acid (Phytate):
Found primarily in the seeds of plants, phytic acid can bind to essential minerals like iron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium.
Effect: It can reduce the absorption of these minerals, which, when consumed in large amounts, might lead to deficiencies over time.
2) Lectins:
Protein substances present in many plant foods, especially legumes and some vegetables.
Effect: They can bind to the gut lining, potentially disrupting the gut barrier. This can lead to inflammation, digestive issues, and in some cases, autoimmune reactions in sensitive individuals.
3) Trypsin Inhibitors:
Found in legumes, especially soy.
Effect: They can inhibit trypsin, an enzyme essential for protein digestion, which can lead to digestive disturbances.
4) Tannins:
Polyphenolic compounds found in various plant foods like tea, coffee, certain fruits, and grains.
Effect: Tannins can bind to iron and reduce its absorption, contributing to iron-deficiency anemia in susceptible individuals.
5) Oxalates:
Found in foods like spinach, rhubarb, beetroot, and some nuts and berries.
Effect: They can bind with calcium, forming crystals that can lead to kidney stones.
6) Goitrogens:
Found in cruciferous vegetables, soy, and millet.
Effect: They can interfere with iodine uptake by the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism and goiter, especially in iodine-deficient individuals.
7) Gluten:
A protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.
Effect: In individuals with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity, gluten can provoke an immune response, damaging the lining of the small intestine and causing various symptoms.
Solanine & Other Alkaloids:
Found in nightshade vegetables such as potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants.
Effect: In high levels, solanine can be toxic, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and even cardiac disturbances.
9) Isoflavones:
Found in soy and soy-based products.
Effect: These compounds can act as phytoestrogens, mimicking the effects of the hormone estrogen in the body. This can be beneficial or detrimental, depending on the context.
10) Theobromine:
Present in chocolate, coffee, and yerba mate.
Effect: A stimulant that affects the nervous system; in high amounts, it can lead to symptoms like restlessness and a rapid heartbeat.
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